Manejo de la cascarilla de arroz como residuo postcosecha y su conversión en nanocelulosa
Resumen
La falta de conciencia ambiental de los productores agrícolas y las pobres políticas gubernamentales para el manejo de residuos es uno de los retos que enfrenta la agroindustria. La producción de nanobiocompuestos ha sido reconocida recientemente con la obtención de celulosa. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo la obtención y caracterización de nanocelulosa a partir de cascarilla del arroz (Oryza sativa L.) Var. “Morelos A-2010”, considerada como residuo contaminante producida en el estado de Morelos. La cascarilla de arroz fue tamizada, procesada mediante extracción alcalina, blanqueada y procesada por un pretratamiento ácido. A la celulosa obtenida se le realizo una hidrólisis ácida (H2SO4) y un tratamiento de sonicación para producir nanocelulosa. Al final, las muestras fueron procesadas por (FTIR), (DSC) y visualización morfológica, mediante (SEM). Se obtuvieron rendimientos de 29 a 41% de celulosa, con posterior conversión en nanocelulosa con cristales de 86 a 173 nm, concluyendo así, que este residuo puede tener un manejo sostenible y convertirse en un producto reciclable de alto potencial.
Citas
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