Tiny but powerful: influence of silver nanoparticles on the brain and intestine
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Abstract
Given the increasing use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in food packaging, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food and beverages, primarily due to their antimicrobial properties, this review integrates the potential impact of these nanoparticles (NPs) on target organs such as the central nervous system (CNS) and the small intestine (SI), based on evidence provided by our research group and other experimental findings, with an emphasis on the mechanisms of AgNPs-induced toxicity. The study addresses the effects on the blood-brain barrier (BBB), cerebellum, astrocytes, glioblastoma cells, and the SI and its microbiota, exploring their relationship with inflammatory processes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and the expression of specific proteins such as metallothionein’s (MTs) and claudin-5, along with other cellular mediators. It highlights that characteristics such as the synthesis method, size, concentration, and dose of AgNPs are determining factors in their beneficial or adverse effects. This review also underscores the necessity of establishing robust regulatory frameworks for their safe use and advocates for a multidisciplinary approach to comprehensively assess the associated risks and benefits, as well as global partnerships to ensure their safe and effective implementation toward a more responsible and sustainable future.
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Mundo Nano. Revista Interdisciplinaria en Nanociencias y Nanotecnología por Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
Basada en una obra en http://www.mundonano.unam.mx.
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