Nanopartículas viromiméticas para la entrega de ácidos nucleicos en el estudio del parásito Trypanosoma cruzi
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La enfermedad de Chagas, causada por el parásito Trypanosoma cruzi, sigue siendo una patología desatendida con altas tasas de subdiagnóstico y opciones terapéuticas limitadas, especialmente en la fase crónica. A pesar de los avances en biología molecular, el estudio funcional de genes en T. cruzi enfrenta grandes desafíos debido a su diversidad genética y a la falta de herramientas eficientes para la entrega de ácidos nucleicos. En este contexto, las nanopartículas viromiméticas (NPVM) se perfilan como plataformas bioinspiradas, las cuales imitan propiedades estructurales y funcionales de los virus, permitiendo una entrega segura, dirigida y poco inmunogénica de material genético. Se abordan los principios de diseño, características funcionales y aplicaciones biomédicas de las NPVM. Se destaca el caso del sistema viromimético C4BK12 como ejemplo de entrega de oligonucleótidos antisentido en T. cruzi, evidenciado el potencial de estas plataformas como herramientas emergentes para la investigación funcional y el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias terapéuticas dirigidas.
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